Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a common liver condition linked to obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol — affecting people who consume little or no alcohol. It impacts over 100 million U.S. adults, or about 1 in 3. Obesity is the leading cause, with studies suggesting fatty liver is present in up to two-thirds of obese adults and half of obese children.
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) is a more advanced form of MASLD, marked by liver inflammation and damage. The exact cause of MASH is still being studied, but it likely involves a mix of oxidative stress, inflammatory signals from fat and immune cells, liver cell death, inflammation in fat tissue, and disruptions in gut bacteria that may worsen liver injury.